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Type d'Item : Item , Unlocking Public Land for Affordable Housing: Lessons from the Wateridge Village Mikinàk Project: Executive Summary(2026-03) Fleury, Mathieu; Rousseau, ÉtiennePublic land is one of Canada’s most underutilized tools for expanding affordable housing. While governments increasingly recognize its potential, transforming surplus federal properties into new homes requires far more than making land available. Success depends on effective governance, coordinated decision-making, aligned funding programs, and strong partnerships among governments and housing providers. Canada’s housing affordability crisis has renewed interest in surplus public land as a strategic asset for housing development. Recent federal initiatives, including the National Housing Strategy, the Federal Lands Initiative (FLI), the Canada Public Land Bank, and, more recently, Build Canada Homes, reflect an increasing commitment to using federal land to accelerate the delivery of affordable and non-market housing. As governments seek to scale up housing supply, understanding how public land moves from federal ownership to completed housing projects has become increasingly important. This case study examines the Mikinàk project, a 271-unit affordable housing development delivered by Ottawa Community Housing (OCH) within Wateridge Village on the former Canadian Forces Base (CFB) Rockcliffe in Ottawa, Ontario. More than a successful housing project, Mikinàk provides a practical example of how surplus federal land can be transformed into affordable housing through collaboration among multiple public institutions. The project brought together Canada Lands Company (CLC), Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC), the City of Ottawa, and OCH, each operating under distinct mandates, governance structures, and accountability frameworks. Drawing on interviews with senior representatives from these organizations, supported by an extensive review of policy documents, project records, and planning materials, this study examines how institutional relationships, governance arrangements, funding mechanisms, and decision-making processes influenced project delivery. Rather than focusing solely on construction outcomes, the report seeks to identify practical lessons that can improve future affordable housing development on federal public lands.Type d'Item : Item , Higher is not Better: An Economic Sociology of Business and Child Labour in India’s Global Cotton Value Chain(Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2026-11-11) Khan, Andrea Carina; Notten, GerandaThis research examines child labour risks within India's cotton value chain among children and adolescents under age 18. Businesses and farmer groups face global market pressure to eliminate child labour despite deep-rooted structural inequalities shaping why children work. Poverty, informality, limited educational access, and uneven labour law enforcement increase children's vulnerability to harmful and illegal work. Drawing on economic sociology, integrative social contract theory, and transnational labour law, the study conceptualizes child labour risk as socially embedded, organized through value chain structures, normalized through compliance systems, and governed through public and private institutions. The research examines how businesses address child labour risks through employment practices and participation in voluntary sustainability standards, including Better Cotton, Fairtrade, and organic standards, under differing public policy and enforcement conditions. It develops a human-rights‑aligned Business and Child Labour Tool to evaluate governance responses, focusing on child labour specificity, public–private compliance and enforcement arrangements, and ethical capability. Using a mixed-methods design, the study combines legal research, surveys, interviews, and policy evaluation across three Indian states. The findings suggest that increasing minimum-age thresholds beyond India's statutory minimum of 14 is not, by itself, associated with better outcomes for children. Effective policy requires indicators that capture hazardous work, coercive practices, and gaps in safeguards, including schooling, child protection, and remediation. The study identifies misalignments between voluntary standard design, state enforcement capacity, and the conditions sustaining child labour risks, helping explain why increasingly robust governance procedures may coexist with limited evidence of sustained remediation. Enforcement is frequently society-dependent, with NGOs and community actors assuming protective and enforcement functions where state capacity is limited. Comparative analysis suggests that reductions in child labour risks may emerge through multiple pathways rather than a single governance model. The thesis concludes that reducing child labour risks requires governance arrangements that combine credible monitoring, remediation-capable enforcement, educational safeguards, and proportionate escalation linked to child-centred outcomes. Effective implementation depends on aligning international human rights norms with domestic legal requirements and local realities through context-sensitive, child-centred responses.Type d'Item : Item , Terminology for describing the 24-h cycle of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep: a scoping review(2026-08-05) Balbim, Guilherme M.; Falck, Ryan S.; Liu-Ambrose, Teresa; Kong, Chuidan; Zimmon, David; Elesin, Daniel; D’Amore, Cassandra; Davis, Jennifer C.; Liangruenrom, Nucharapon; Crowley, Madeline; Feter, Natan; Ahmadi, Matthew N.; Ortega, Francisco B.; Migueles, Jairo H.; Chaput, Jean-Philippe; Hou, Meijun; Guan, Kaiqi; Thomas, George; Alsop, Tahlia; McClymont, Damian; Morgante, Emmett; Cao, Rui; Liu, Yujie; Luo, Xun; Liu, Zijun; Graham, Connor; Scherer, Lauren C.; Nagaishi, Maya; Zhou, Linjing; Gamboa, Rebeca H.; Seo, Yeon S.; Noseworthy, Matthew; Zou, Liye; Giangregorio, Lora; Spruyt, Karen; Gomersall, Sjaan R.; Gan, Yiqun; Schinke, Robert; Inoue, Shigeru; Abe, Takumi; Chang, Yu-Kai; Lu, Amy S.; Tornberg, Åsa B.; Fu, Frank H.; Kong, Zhaowei; Erickson, Kirk I.; Cerin, Ester; Smith, Ashleigh E.; Schipperijn, Jasper; van Uffelen, Jannique; Palmeira, António; Voss, Michelle W.; Dunstan, David W.; Lubans, David; Li, Linda C.; Tomasone, Jennifer R.; Miao, Miao; Swaminathan, Keerthana; Gorhe, Varadayini; D’Sa, MaurelleAbstract Background Physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep are three behaviours which occupy the 24-h cycle and interact to influence a multitude of health outcomes. Different terms are currently used to describe these behaviours collectively (e.g., movement behaviours or physical behaviours). The lack of clear and consistent terminology makes it hard to compare, interpret, and build on research findings. As a first step towards developing consensus on what terminology to use for discussing the 24-h cycle of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep, we conducted a scoping review to identify the breadth of terminology used to describe this phenomenon. Methods All searches occurred between September 18th – 20th 2024. We searched nine databases: Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycInfo, Web of Science, Scopus, ERIC, Education Source, and Compendex from inception to September 18th 2024. The Journal of Activity, Sedentary and Sleep Behaviors and the International Network of Time-Use Epidemiologists (INTUE) publication lists were manually searched on September 19th – 20th 2024. Peer-reviewed articles were included if they 1) were published in English, Spanish, Portuguese, French, Chinese, Korean, or Japanese; 2) focused on humans; and 3) describe physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep in an integrated manner. We identified different terminologies used for collectively discussing physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep across the 24-h cycle. Results Our search identified 10,749 articles of which 979 articles met our inclusion criteria. Across all articles, 199 different terms were used to describe physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep collectively. The term movement behaviours was used in 673 articles, 24-h movement behaviours was used in 457 articles, physical behaviours was used in 58 articles, 24-h activity cycle was used in 36 articles, and time-use behaviours was used in 31 articles. Conclusions The two most popular terms for describing the collective interaction of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep are movement behaviours and 24-h movement behaviours. However, there is not yet an internationally recognized and agreed-upon term for holistically describing the 24-h cycle of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep. Developing a homogeneous and widely accepted set of terminology and definitions is thus critical if we hope to ensure clarity, enhance reproducibility, and enable the translation of future research into coherent guidelines, policies, and practices for these behaviours.Type d'Item : Item , Awake craniotomy for drug-resistant non-oncological epilepsy: a systematic review of feasibility, reported safety, and seizure outcomes(2026-08-10) Mofatteh, Mohammad; Mashayekhi, Mohammad S.; Giersztein, Sho; Iranmehr, Arad; Alimohamadi, Maysam; Giampiccolo, Davide; Duffau, Hugues; Cohen-Gadol, Aaron A.Abstract Introduction Complete resection of the epileptogenic zone offers the best chance of seizure control in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. However, surgical management remains challenging when the epileptogenic zone is located within or adjacent to eloquent brain regions. Awake craniotomy (AC), combined with intraoperative functional mapping, has the potential to maximize resection while preserving neurological function. Despite its increasing use, evidence regarding its safety and efficacy in epilepsy surgery remains limited. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the feasibility, reported safety, and reported seizure outcomes of awake craniotomy in patients undergoing surgery for drug-resistant non-oncological epilepsy. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Results Seven retrospective studies comprising 231 patients from six countries were included; 120 patients underwent AC. Four studies (57.1%) included mixed adult and pediatric populations and three (42.9%) included adults only; however, none provided age-stratified seizure or complication outcomes, precluding separate pediatric analysis. Reported seizure duration ranged from 2 to 39 years. The frontal lobe was the most frequently involved region (n = 52; 43.3%), followed by the temporal lobe (n = 27; 22.5%), and cortical dysplasia was the most common underlying pathology (n = 30; 25.0%). Language and sensorimotor functions were the most commonly mapped eloquent areas, each reported in five studies (71.4%). Seizure outcomes were predominantly assessed using the Engel classification. Complete seizure freedom (Engel class I) was reported in 69 of 120 AC patients (57.5%); a random-effects single-arm synthesis estimated an Engel I proportion of 59.3% (95% CI: 46.3–71.2%; I2 = 31.9%). Comparisons with surgery under general anesthesia (GA) were available in only two non-randomized studies and should be interpreted cautiously. No study reported conversion from AC to GA. Postoperative neurological deficits were largely transient, with a low reported incidence of permanent morbidity. Owing to substantial differences in patient selection, surgical indications, and study design, these findings should be considered exploratory and should not be interpreted as demonstrating comparable seizure outcomes or treatment effectiveness. Conclusions In carefully selected patients with drug-resistant non-tumor epilepsy involving or adjacent to eloquent cortex, AC with intraoperative functional mapping appears feasible and may help preserve neurological function while enabling tailored resection. The current evidence base remains limited by retrospective designs, heterogeneous populations and techniques, inconsistent outcome reporting, and sparse comparative data; therefore, efficacy and equivalence with surgery under general anesthesia should not be inferred.Type d'Item : Item , School Engagement in Children: Investigating the Impact of Body Image Issues(Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2026-11-09) MacGregor, Philip; Guimond, Fanny-AlexandraBody image concerns emerge during childhood and may have implications for children's academic functioning. School engagement represents an especially important developmental process associated with children's academic adjustment and longer-term educational outcomes. Despite the potential relevance of these constructs to one another, relatively little is known about how body image and school engagement influence one another during late childhood, or whether these associations differ across children. The current dissertation's overarching objective was to advance understanding of how body image issues and school engagement co-develop during late childhood. Using longitudinal data from a sample of Canadian children aged 9-12 years, Study 1 examined whether body dissatisfaction and weight perception were associated with changes in affective, behavioural, and cognitive school engagement over a 7-month period. In a sample of 1,070 children (M_age = 11.13 years; 55.0% female), integrated longitudinal path models revealed that body dissatisfaction predicted decreases in cognitive engagement, whereas weight perception did not predict changes in any dimension of school engagement. Conversely, lower behavioural and cognitive engagement predicted heavier weight perceptions, suggesting that associations between body image and school engagement may be reciprocal. Follow-up analyses indicated that these longitudinal associations differed by gender: body dissatisfaction predicted lower cognitive engagement among girls, whereas lower behavioural engagement predicted greater body dissatisfaction among boys. Building upon these findings, Study 2 sought to examine whether children could be sorted into distinct profiles of body image difficulties and whether these profiles differed in their levels of school engagement. Using latent profile analysis, 948 children (M_age = 11.04 years) were sorted into profiles based on body image (i.e., body dissatisfaction, compulsive self-monitoring, body comparisons, and weight perception) assessed at the beginning of the school year. Analyses identified three profiles characterized primarily by severity of body image difficulties: Low (65.9%), Moderate (21.4%), and High (12.7%) body image issues. The profiles differed in body dissatisfaction, compulsive self-monitoring, and body comparisons, whereas weight perception did not distinguish between profiles. Children in the Low profile demonstrated consistently greater affective, behavioural, and cognitive school engagement than children in the Moderate and/or High profiles at both time points, with minimal differences between the Moderate and High profiles, suggesting that even moderate elevations in body image difficulties may be associated with poorer school engagement. Collectively, findings from the current dissertation suggest that body image and school engagement are interconnected during late childhood. They also emphasize the value of combining variable-centered and person-centered approaches to better understand these associations. Whereas variable-centered analyses identified specific longitudinal pathways that differed by gender, person-centered analyses revealed broader patterns of body image difficulties that were associated with poorer engagement across multiple domains and included both boys and girls. In all, these findings suggest that body image represents an important yet underrecognized correlate of children's school functioning. This highlights the potential value of identifying and addressing body image difficulties early in a child's development.