More Focus, Less Growth? Exploring the association between growth deficits and ADHD medication

Abstract

CONTEXT: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurobehavioural disorder among children. Stimulant medications have been proven to have both therapeutic and adverse effects. Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is the most commonly prescribed psychostimulant, followed by amphetamines such as Adderall. METHODS: Literature review assessed evidence surrounding the association of stimulant medications (methylphenidate and mixed salts amphetamines) on children's height and weight. Relevant studies were found using the following keywords: ADHD, Psychostimulants (Adderall, Ritalin), Children, Growth Deficits. RESULTS: The studies reviewed concluded no statistically significant effects; the psychostimulant medications showed decreased height and weight during active treatment, but eventually normalized. CONCLUSION: The literature does not show evidence of long-term stunted growth associated with stimulant use, temporary deficits can be attributed to the disorder itself. However, further study is needed.