The Great Debate: Prohibition or Regulation of Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems (LAWS)

Abstract

The development of new technology is proliferating within the realm of military weaponry. Lethal autonomous weapon systems (LAWS) select and engage targets without human intervention once activated (i.e. armed drones, vehicles, submersibles, etc.). Various forms of automation have been present in military technology for decades, however the introduction and widespread use of artificial intelligence has raised concerns over how it will alter the field. There is a major ongoing global debate pertaining to whether LAWS should be prohibited or regulated. Those calling for prohibition claim that LAWS will never be able to comply with international humanitarian law, pose major moral and ethical concerns, create an accountability gap, and are susceptible to failure. Those who support regulation highlight the advantages of LAWS including operational advantages, economic efficiency, and humanitarian benefits. This research paper aims to explore both sides of the debate as well as potential policy options for both prohibition and regulation.