Addressing the disparities in health care and health outcomes between Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples in Canada

Abstract

Evidence suggests that Indigenous peoples in Canada experience poorer health outcomes than non-Indigenous Canadians. These health burdens likely stem from a number of factors, including discrimination, limited access to health care services, and suboptimal social and economic conditions arising from colonization. This paper explores the nature of and potential factors that have influenced health disparities faced by Indigenous peoples in Canada. In particular, I discuss the evolution of Indigenous health care policy since the establishment of the Canadian constitution in 1867 as well as the current health care landscape. I further provide a number of recommendations for policymakers to consider in pursuit of parity and improvements in health care and health outcomes for Indigenous peoples.