Políticas culturales del patrimonio en América Latina : Las obras murales de las vanguardias latinoamericanas ante la patrimonialización en Argentina, Chile y Uruguay : El caso de las obras de David Alfaro Siqueiros y Otros, Joaquín Torres García y, Roberto Matta y la Brigada Ramona Parra

Abstract

This thesis examines three murals by renowned artists from the Latin American avant-garde of the 20th century, all of which have undergone processes of patrimonialization. This mechanism is understood as the transition of material and immaterial goods into local, glocal, or global cultural heritage. Therefore, the objective is to analyze these mechanisms and the impact they have on the recovered works. I argue that these processes recreate and re-signify the works, meaning they substantially transform them. The corpus consists of the following murals: Ejercicio Plástico, created in 1933 in Buenos Aires, Argentina by the Equipo Poligráfico composed of David Alfaro Siqueiros, Antonio Berni, Lino Enea Spilimbergo, and Juan Carlos Castagnino; Pax in Lucem by artist Joaquín Torres García, created in Montevideo, Uruguay in 1944; and El primer gol del pueblo chileno, created by artist Roberto Matta together with the Brigada artística Ramona Parra in 1971 in Santiago, Chile. The research aims to demonstrate how current patrimonialization processes modify the works through the intervention and interconnection of the community, cultural agents, and institutions that frame them within a series of governmental regulations that protect and transfigure them. In this sense, the study cross-examines the original creations and their patrimonialized representations within a multidisciplinary analytical framework; at the same time, the research - the primary sources and documentation - is referenced with an online visualization system utilizing Digital Humanities tools. Therefore, throughout the thesis, there will be references pointing to the digital component of the research; this device allows for the visualization of the analyzed elements and also provides material evidence supporting the arguments put forward. Since the research focuses on works of art and their transformations, this dual format also facilitates dissemination, visibility, and accessibility to all components, both textual and visual.