To What Extent Has Progress Been Made by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) In Reducing CO2 Emissions from Global Shipping?

Abstract

90% of global trade is transported by cargo ships, with fossil fuel being the dominant energy source used. As global trade increases, shipping will be in greater demand resulting in increased emissions of carbon dioxide and other pollutants negatively impacting the environment and human health. Carbon dioxide (CO2), our area of interest, is the number one contributing gas to global warming. We, therefore, examine the role of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in reducing CO2 emissions from shipping, and determine the progress made so far.

Our research reveals that progress in this area is on a slow trajectory. The current IMO regulations focus solely on energy efficiency measures that do not appear to be as successful as envisioned in reducing CO2 emissions. In addition, the concept of decarbonization of the sector, which would lead to zero emissions, is delayed. With this in mind, we provide recommendations regarding future IMO actions.