The “Soft (and Smart) Power” of Influence: China’s New Diplomatic Rhetoric in the 21st Century

Abstract

The concept of soft power has recently become more integrated in China’s diplomatic strategy and foreign policy. China’s utilization of hard power only is insufficient if it wishes to be an active player on the international stage. The country needs to employ soft power to stimulate its influences and leadership in world politics. This study focuses on the argument that soft power can play a significant role in shaping China’s charm image among other countries. It also discusses that China has employed various tools of soft power's sources including communication and mass media, Chinese culture, language, arts, aids, trades and investments to promote its influences abroad. Through these resources, China utilizes a combination of soft power and public diplomacy unique to itself. This new diplomatic rhetoric supports China’s interest in using soft power comes from its demanding national interests. These national interests include trying to secure a peaceful environment for its economic growth, to accommodate for its increasing energy needs, and also to minimise the influence of other powers, particularly the United States in the advent of the 21st century. With the U.S. President Donald J. Trump at the forefront of current events in 2018, what does China’s soft power mean for its future? How do we characterise its new diplomatic rhetoric?