Early age hydration of Portland cement systems containing cement kiln dust

Abstract

Cement kiln dust (CKD) has been used in combination with ordinary Portland cement (OPC). It has also been shown that this generally results in a reduction in strength. In some cases hydration is retarded. The objectives of this study were to use nano-calicum carbonate (CC) and metakaolinite (MK) particles in cement systems containing OPC and CKD to improve its hydration, strength, and pore structure. Calorimetry results showed that both the addition of the CC and MK particles significantly accelerated the hydration of the system. The addition of CC and the MK particles were generally effective in improving the strength of the system. Analysis of AC impedance measurements suggested that CC or MK addition resulted in a refinement of the pore structure of the system. Results from X-ray diffractometry measurements and SEM imaging were in general agreement with results obtained from the other testing techniques.