An Emergency Vehicle Prioritization Protocol for VANET Based on QoS

Abstract

Since supplying passenger safety is the fundamental purpose of establishing vehicular ad hoc networks, researchers are mainly concerned with giving a strategy to ensure meeting this demand. Rescue services vehicles are one of the primary components of VANET, and the messages they broadcast play a vital part in delivering safety. As a result, offering a routing protocol algorithm that prioritizes their messages and guarantees QoS is one approach to meet the core purpose of VANET, or in other words, safety. Grouping the vehicle nodes, also known as clustering, is one of the appropriate solutions for improving the performance of the routing protocol. Most traditional cluster-based topologies in VANET solely consider the mobility to pick the cluster head. While cluster head speed fluctuations can affect the number of cluster head choices and improve the VANET QoS. Furthermore, the fast movement of vehicles exposes clustering links to vulnerability and directly impacts reliability. In this research, we proposed a new efficient multi-hop cluster-based routing protocol that prioritizes emergency vehicles' messages and provides stable and reliable communications to ensure emergency messages are delivered effectively. The number of neighbors, the distance between the vehicle and BS, and the S/N power received by the base station (BS) are the criteria for selecting a cluster head (CH) in our proposed model. Each CH is in charge of transmitting data from other cluster members to the infrastructure directly or indirectly through the qualified adjacent cluster heads. The epigenomic workflow approach is employed in our design to establish efficient resource management in RSU computing nodes and decrease transmission latency. The transmitted messages from vehicles are divided into two separate queues (q1 and q2), while the priority message queue uses the TDMA protocol to disseminate. In this thesis, experiments and simulations were carried out utilizing the NS-2 tool with VanetMobisim integration to assess the efficacy of the suggested approach. Achieved results indicate that the proposed technique increases communication reliability and stability while improving QoS for messages provided by rescue services.