Socioeconomic Inequality of Obesity in Canada

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to compare the degree of income-related health inequality among decomposed Canadian population groups using different inequality indices. It has been statistically proved that problems of obesity and overweight are prevalent in Canada. In order to better measure income-related inequality of obesity among Canadian, this paper will not only target adults but also children and the elderly who are normally not included in the analysis of other literature. Several indices of socioeconomic inequality of obesity and overweight are used. Firstly, a traditional Concentration index is applied to the full sample. Secondly, a Concentration index which counts only those who are obese and overweight is used. Thirdly, an Achievement Index that incorporates the mean level of ill health is used. Fourthly, the Erreygers Corrected Index is analyzed. We find large gender and ethnic differences in socioeconomic inequality with different degrees of obesity and overweight among children, adults and senior populations. Distinct patterns of inequality are identified in general. For example, non-ethnic groups have higher inequality among adults. Ethnic groups have higher inequality among seniors. Females with lower income are more likely to become obese or overweight. As for children, ethnic girls tend to suffer from higher degree of socioeconomic inequality.