Cellot, SoniaJohnston, DonnaDix, DavidEthier, Marie-ChantalGillmeister, BiljanaMitchell, DavidYanofsky, RochelleLewis, VictorPortwine, CarolPrice, VictoriaZelcer, ShaynaSilva, MarianaBowes, LynetteMichon, BrunoStobart, KentBrossard, JoseeBeyene, JosephSung, Lillian2015-12-182015-12-182013-06-04BMC Cancer. 2013 Jun 04;13(1):276http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-13-276http://hdl.handle.net/10393/33571Abstract Background It is not known whether children with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) have an infection risk similar to non- APL acute myeloid leukemia. The objective was to describe infectious risk in children with newly diagnosed APL and to describe factors associated with these infections. Methods We conducted a retrospective, population-based cohort study that included children ≤ 18 years of age with de novo APL treated at 15 Canadian centers. Thirty-three children with APL were included; 78.8% were treated with APL -specific protocols. Results Bacterial sterile site infection occurred in 12 (36.4%) and fungal sterile site infection occurred in 2 (6.1%) children. Of the 127 chemotherapy courses, 101 (79.5%) were classified as intensive and among these, the proportion in which a sterile site microbiologically documented infection occurred was 14/101 (13.9%). There was one infection-related death. Conclusions One third of children with APL experienced at least one sterile site bacterial infection throughout treatment and 14% of intensive chemotherapy courses were associated with a microbiologically documented sterile site infection. Infection rates in pediatric APL may be lower compared to non- APL acute myeloid leukemia although these children may still benefit from aggressive supportive care during intensive chemotherapy.Journal Article2015-12-18enCellot et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.