Bauer, MichaelGlenn, TashaAchtyes, Eric D.Alda, MartinAgaoglu, EsenAltınbaş, KürsatAndreassen, Ole A.Angelopoulos, EliasArdau, RaffaellaAydin, MemduhaAyhan, YavuzBaethge, ChristopherBauer, RitaBaune, Bernhard T.Balaban, CeylanBecerra-Palars, ClaudiaBehere, Aniruddh P.Behere, Prakash B.Belete, HabteBelete, TilahunBelizario, Gabriel O.Bellivier, FrankBelmaker, Robert H.Benedetti, FrancescoBerk, MichaelBersudsky, YulyBicakci, ŞuleBirabwa-Oketcho, HarrietBjella, Thomas D.Brady, ConanCabrera, JorgeCappucciati, MarcoCastro, Angela M. P.Chen, Wei-LingCheung, Eric Y. W.Chiesa, SilviaCrowe, MarieCuomo, AlessandroDallaspezia, SaraDel Zompo, MariaDesai, PratikkumarDodd, SeetalEtain, BrunoFagiolini, AndreaFellendorf, Frederike T.Ferensztajn-Rochowiak, EwaFiedorowicz, Jess G.Fountoulakis, Kostas N.Frye, Mark A.Geoffroy, Pierre A.Gitlin, Michael J.Gonzalez-Pinto, AnaGottlieb, John F.Grof, PaulHaarman, Bartholomeus C. M.Harima, HirohikoHasse-Sousa, MathiasHenry, ChantalHoffding, LoneHouenou, JosselinImbesi, MassimilianoIsometsä, Erkki T.Ivkovic, MajaJanno, SvenJohnsen, SimonKapczinski, FlávioKarakatsoulis, Gregory N.Kardell, MathiasKessing, Lars V.Kim, Seong J.König, BarbaraKot, Timur L.Koval, MichaelKunz, MauricioLafer, BenyLandén, MikaelLarsen, Erik R.Lenger, MelanieLicht, Rasmus W.Lopez-Jaramillo, CarlosMacKenzie, AlanMadsen, Helle Ø.Madsen, Simone A. K. A.Mahadevan, JayantMahardika, AgustineManchia, MirkoMarsh, WendyMartinez-Cengotitabengoa, MonicaMartini, JuliaMartiny, KlausMashima, YukiMcLoughlin, Declan M.Meesters, YbeMelle, IngridMeza-Urzúa, FátimaMikolas, PavolMok, Yee M.Monteith, ScottMoorthy, MuthukumaranMorken, GunnarMosca, EnricaMozzhegorov, Anton A.Munoz, RodrigoMythri, Starlin V.Nacef, FethiNadella, Ravi K.Nakanotani, TakakoNielsen, René E.O’Donovan, ClaireOmrani, AdelOsher, YamimaOuali, UtaPantovic-Stefanovic, MajaPariwatcharakul, PornjiraPetite, JoannePetzold, JohannesPfennig, AndreaRuiz, Yolanda P.Pinna, MarcoPompili, MaurizioPorter, Richard J.Quiroz, DaniloRabelo-da-Ponte, Francisco D.Ramesar, RajRasgon, NatalieRatta-apha, WoraphatRatzenhofer, MichaelaRedahan, MariaReddy, M. S.Reif, AndreasReininghaus, Eva Z.Richards, Jenny G.Ritter, PhilippRybakowski, Janusz K.Sathyaputri, LeelaScippa, Angela M.Simhandl, ChristianSmith, DanielSmith, JoséStackhouse, Paul W.Stein, Dan J.Stilwell, KellenStrejilevich, SergioSu, Kuan-PinSubramaniam, MythilySulaiman, Ahmad H.Suominen, KirsiTanra, Andi J.Tatebayashi, YoshitakaTeh, Wen L.Tondo, LeonardoTorrent, CarlaTuinstra, DanielUchida, TakahitoVaaler, Arne E.Vieta, EduardViswanath, BijuYoldi-Negrete, MariaYalcinkaya, Oguz K.Young, Allan H.Zgueb, YosraWhybrow, Peter C.2023-06-272023-06-272023-06-22International Journal of Bipolar Disorders. 2023 Jun 22;11(1):22https://doi.org/10.1186/s40345-023-00303-whttps://doi.org/10.20381/ruor-29303http://hdl.handle.net/10393/45097Abstract Background Sunlight contains ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation that triggers the production of vitamin D by skin. Vitamin D has widespread effects on brain function in both developing and adult brains. However, many people live at latitudes (about > 40 N or S) that do not receive enough UVB in winter to produce vitamin D. This exploratory study investigated the association between the age of onset of bipolar I disorder and the threshold for UVB sufficient for vitamin D production in a large global sample. Methods Data for 6972 patients with bipolar I disorder were obtained at 75 collection sites in 41 countries in both hemispheres. The best model to assess the relation between the threshold for UVB sufficient for vitamin D production and age of onset included 1 or more months below the threshold, family history of mood disorders, and birth cohort. All coefficients estimated at P ≤ 0.001. Results The 6972 patients had an onset in 582 locations in 70 countries, with a mean age of onset of 25.6 years. Of the onset locations, 34.0% had at least 1 month below the threshold for UVB sufficient for vitamin D production. The age of onset at locations with 1 or more months of less than or equal to the threshold for UVB was 1.66 years younger. Conclusion UVB and vitamin D may have an important influence on the development of bipolar disorder. Study limitations included a lack of data on patient vitamin D levels, lifestyles, or supplement use. More study of the impacts of UVB and vitamin D in bipolar disorder is needed to evaluate this supposition.Journal Article2023-06-27enThe Author(s)